DIABETES

There is Type 1
Type 2
Gestational Diabetes

SIGNS OF TYPE 1 DIABETES
Warning symptoms of type 1 diabetes can be mistaken for the flu at first. If your child is urinating frequently, drinking more than usual, losing weight despite having a healthy appetite, or feeling tired all the time, these could be signs of type 1 diabetes. Diabetic ketoacidosis can also develop if type 1 diabetes goes untreated; this condition is highlighted by stomach pain, nausea or vomiting, and a fruity smell on the breath. If you notice these symptoms in your child, call your doctor as soon as possible.
WHAT CAUSES TYPE 1
We don't yet know what prompts the immune system to attack the beta cells and cause type 1 diabetes. Although diabetes is not an inherited disease, genetics does play a role in its development. In fact, experts believe that a genetic predisposition to diabetes, triggered by an unknown environmental factor, may be behind type 1 diabetes development. Researchers are also investigating the connection between type 1 diabetes and other autoimmune conditions such as celiac disease, which are more likely to occur in type 1 diabetics.
DIAGNOSING TYPE 1
To make an accurate diagnosis of type 1 diabetes, doctors use one or more tests to measure the levels of glucose — sugar — in the blood. They distinguish between type 1 and type 2 diabetes by looking for autoantibodies, proteins created by the immune system to attack beta cells. Because type 1 diabetes is normally first seen in children or young adults, parents should have their child tested for this disorder if they notice any of the characteristic symptoms of diabetes, including excessive urination and thirst and unexplained weight loss.
DOUBLE DIABETES
Double diabetes occurs when a person with type 1 diabetes develops insulin resistance, a symptom characteristic of type 2 diabetes. It's a growing problem — in fact, as many as one in three children newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes may have double diabetes. Obesity is a definite risk factor for double diabetes, and experts believe the increase may be due at least in part to weight gain in type 1 diabetics who are taking insulin but haven't adopted a healthy lifestyle.
UNDERSTANDING TYPE 1
Type 1 diabetes occurs when the body's immune system stops the pancreas from making insulin

ANY AGE?!
Type 1 diabetes can occur at any age, but it usually starts in children or young adults. That’s why it used to be called juvenile diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is different from type 2 diabetes, which is the most common form of the illness.


Type 1 diabetes is not caused by eating too many cupcakes
Type 1 healthy food
Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation,the American Diabetes Association

TYPE 2
Type 2 diabetes occurs when the body can no longer process blood sugar, also known as glucose. Over time, higher-than-normal levels of sugar in the blood can lead to damage throughout the body, including problems with the eyes, gums, hands, feet, and heart. Although once known as "adult-onset diabetes," type 2 can begin at any age — and more and more children are getting it. People of any ethnic background can develop type 2 diabetes, but some groups, including African-Americans and Hispanics, are at higher risk. Obesity is perhaps the most important risk factor for type 2 diabetes. The good news is that type 2 diabetes is treatable with diet, exercise, and medication.

CAUSES
Although experts don't know exactly why some people develop type 2 diabetes and others don't, we do know which factors can increase your chances. Excess fat, especially around your midsection, creates inflammation in the body and can lead to insulin resistance, a precursor to type 2 diabetes. In fact, four of five people with type 2 diabetes are overweight or obese. Poor eating habits, not getting enough exercise, and your genetic background also play a role

KEEP KIDS FROM DEVELPOING TYPE 2
As many as 45 percent of kids with diabetes have type 2, and there are ways you can help children guard against developing this disorder. Be on the lookout for symptoms of type 2 diabetes, especially if it runs in your family, and have the child undergo blood sugar testing if you notice any signs. Eating the right diet, getting enough exercise, and encouraging healthy weight loss can help improve the whole family's health and prevent or reverse type 2 diabetes.

TYPE 2 EFFECTS MENOPAUSE
Going through the "change of life" takes some adjustment for any woman. But for women with type 2 diabetes, the hormonal changes of menopause can affect blood glucose levels, and menopausal symptoms like dizziness, sweating, and irritability can mimic the signs of both low and high blood sugar.

HEALTHY TYPE 2ERS
There's no need to panic after a diabetes diagnosis. Experts say maintaining a healthy lifestyle when you have diabetes is all about making the right lifestyle choices, including eating right, exercising regularly, and checking your blood sugar often. It's also important to stay informed and ask questions during your doctor visits.

TYPE 2 AND UR SEXUALITY
The nerve damage that often accompanies type 2 diabetes can affect the hands and feet. But many people may not be aware that it can also impair sexual health in both men and women. If you're experiencing sexual dysfunction as a result of diabetes, don't be shy about speaking to your health care provider, since these problems can often be helped.

DEVELOPING TYPE 2
Nearly a third of all people over age 65 have diabetes, and many are also managing other health conditions. But diabetes care doesn’t vary with age. Keeping your type 2 diabetes in check through diet, exercise, medication, and any other guidelines your doctor gives you can help you stay as healthy as possible.
FEMALE & TYPE 2
Women with type 2 diabetes who are pregnant or breast-feeding who cannot keep their blood sugar levels within a target range with diet and exercise. Only one oral diabetes medicine (glyburide) has been studied for use during pregnancy.

LOW BLOOD SUGAR
True Low blood sugar means that the level of sugar in the blood has dropped below what the body needs to function normally, usually below 70 mg/dL.

SELF-SHOT INSILLIN
True To give an injection of insulin, the needle of the syringe is inserted into the skin and the medicine is pushed into the fatty tissue just under the skin.

TYPE 2, EAT RIGHT
For most people diabetes goes hand-in-hand with that other D-word, diet.  And neither one is particularly appealing.  The good news is that the best diet for a person with diabetes is really the same kind of healthy eating that is best for everyone. Rather than cutting out your favorite foods, you just need to learn how to balance moderation, carb control and healthy eating habits.
People with diabetes need to focus on whole foods that are high in fiber and nutrient-dense.  This includes virtually all plant foods, most low-fat dairy products, lean meat and poultry, and fish.  Conversely, it is necessary to keep highly processed foods, which are often full of refined flour and sugar, to a minimum.  This means choosing brown rice over white, whole-grain bread instead of white bread and sweet potatoes over russet or other white varieties.
Typically the choice that gives you the most fiber is the right one.  And for fats, you should chose skim milk instead of whole, ground turkey over ground beef, and olive and vegetable oils in place of butter or lard.  Added sugars should be avoided.  A good alternative to sugar is stevia.  It is more natural than other sugar substitutes and tastes better too.  Agave syrup or nectar is also a good substitute.  It has calories, but they don’t affect your sugar levels.

MEAL IDEA
When trying to maintain a whole foods diet, eating out and convenience foods are usually ruled out.  That means it is time for you to get in front of a stove.  Some good choices for breakfast are quick cooking oats(not the kind in the envelope, the kind in the canister), high fiber cereal with skim or soy milk or an egg white omelet.  Some lunch ideas are a turkey bacon BLT with light mayo on whole grain bread, tuna salad with whole grain crackers, or minestrone soup and a garden salad with grilled chicken.  For dinner you can try recipes like broiled fish over brown rice with steamed veggies, bell peppers stuffed with chopped veggies, chopped chicken and low-fat cheese or veggie pizza on a thin, whole-wheat crust.  Now at first glance these recipe choices might seem pretty bland, but this is your chance to get creative with flavors.  Herbs and spices are a great way to add taste with little or no calories.  Add some cinnamon to your oatmeal.  Throw some spinach and mushrooms in your omelet or spice up fish and meats with lemon juice and garlic.
A diagnosis of diabetes presents a unique opportunity to shift your diet and lifestyle choices in a positive direction. Your body will thank you every which way — how you look, how you test at home and in the doctor’s office, and how you feel every day.
Generally Type 2 diabetic patients need 1500-1800 calorie diet per day to promote weight loss, however calories requirement may vary depending upon patients age, sex, activity level and body weight.  Half of total daily required calories should come from carbohydrates. One gram of carbohydrate is about 4 calories. A diabetic patient on a 1600 calorie diet should get half of these calories from carbohydrate. In other words it will be equal to 800 calories from carbohydrates, it means they need 200gms of carbohydrates everyday.

BIB
http://www.everydayhealth.com/diabetes/type-1/index.aspx